毒死蜱是否列入POPs， 2021年1月见分晓！！！

毒死蜱是否列入POPs， 2021年1月见分晓！！！

2020年10月14日，欧洲化学品管理局(ECHA)在其官网上发出通告，邀请各利益相关方对毒死蜱(Chlorpyrifos)列入欧盟持久性有机污染物法规(Persistent Organic Pollutants Regulation, POPs)进行评议.

2021年1月 有关POPs的斯德哥尔摩公约的各相关方将进行讨论，是否将毒死蜱列入POPs公约附件。多方渠道获悉，毒死蜱的主要生产国中国和印度明确反对将该产品列入POPs。

毒死蜱简介：

毒死蜱是一种晶体有机磷杀虫剂，在农药行业中已使用五十多年，是一类较老的和毒性较大的农药品种。2000年在美国毒死蜱年用量估计在2000~2400万磅，大约50%用于农业，而另一半用于非农业。它于1965年由陶氏化学公司开发，常用的商品名有Dursban和Lorsban。根据欧盟的一份报告，毒死蜱具有难降解以及远距离迁移的能力，它也被认为对发育中的儿童有害，能够损伤神经系统。目前，研究人员已经在北极和亚北极湖中的沉积物甚至人类母乳中发现了毒死蜱。因其具有环境持久性、生物积累的潜力、对水生生物和陆生动物（包括人类）的毒性以及在包括偏远地区在内的环境中的广泛存在，欧盟得出结论：毒死蜱的使用可能会导致严重的人类健康损害和环境影响，因此必须采取全球行动来限制毒死蜱的使用。毒死蜱在中国的主要生产厂家有红太阳、丰山集团、湖北犇星、连云港立本、浙江新农，年产量在3万吨左右；印度的主要产能在2万吨左右。

以下是欧盟关于将毒死蜱列入POPs的文件资料，供参阅。

Chlorpyrifos, which belongs to the group of organophosphate pesticides, is widely applied as an insecticide in agriculture and as a biocide to control non-agricultural pests. In 2008 chlorpyrifos pro-ducts were authorised for use in more than 88 countries. Usage as a biocide was phased-out in the European Union by Commission Decision (2007/565/EC) by 2008 (EC, 2007). A decision on phasing out most non-agricultural applications was adopted by the EPA in 2000 (US-EPA, 2006). However, usage as a biocide, e.g. for termite control in buildings, is still practiced in other countries. For example, termite control is still recommended by Indian authorities (GOI, 2020).

In 2014 the human health risk assessment on chlorpyrifos was revised by the US-EPA (2014). Risks were identified for workers; potential risks were found for drinking water. According to the US-EPA (2017) exposure to chlorpyrifos is also linked to the delay of mental development of young children. In 2019, the renewal of the approval of chlorpyrifos for use as active substance in plant protection products has been denied in the European Union (EC, 2020), following the risk assessment carried out by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2019). EFSA had concluded that the approval criteria, which are applicable to human health as laid down in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 are not met. The data presented in this dossier is considered relevant, unless noted otherwise. All other information, as well as most tables, can be found in the INF-document.

毒死蜱列入POPs的文件资料：Draft proposal for listing chlorpyrifos in Annex A to the Stockholm Convention